In the process of production of finishing work at large industrial enterprises, as well as in production facilities, there was a need for plastering large areas and surfaces of the walls. A small team of 5 people is able to manually process about 50 m. surfaces for an 8-hour working day, which in practice often does not satisfy the requirements for the deadlines for the delivery of the object to the customer. In this connection, the development of a machine method for applying finished plaster to the processed surface was the urgent issue.
Types of machine plasters
2 types of machine plasters are known — gypsum and cement.
The main advantage of gypsum is the possibility of their use in residential inhabited premises due to their high degree of environmental friendliness.
Cement is mainly used for processing roofing and external wall surfaces.
Almost all standard wall materials — drywall, brick, aerated concrete, foam concrete and other silicate materials can serve as the basis for gypsum plaster. Easy to work with gypsum plaster — its main difference from cement. It is quite simply applied and leveled. The surface after application is almost immediately ready for painting, thus excluding the use of finishing putty and reduced work time.
In structure, gypsum plaster is a pasty substance. High viscosity eliminates the flow of the mixture on the surface after applying it. The machine application station has a high internal pressure in the hoses, which provides high patency and speed of supplying the plaster to the processed surface. The use of the machine method of application does not exclude manual work. The processed surface in any case must be cleaned and treated with a primer.
The choice of gypsum plaster
When choosing gypsum plaster, you need to pay attention to the main technical indicators. They are always indicated on the packaging. The temperature at which this plaster will work without cracks should match the temperature in the finished room. It can fluctuate from +3 ° to +35 ° C depending on the manufacturer.
The most important indicator is the time of solidification of the applied pasta. The greater the time of solidification, the more opportunities for further finishing surface processing, leveling and glossy for painting. Drying time can range from 1 hour to 7 days. The size of the possible layer is also important. The higher the range of thicknesses, the wider the spectrum of the use of this product in various conditions. The size of the mixture fractions should not be very high. The fine -grained fractions provide minimal roughness of the dried mixture, which significantly affects the appearance of the already painted surface. The strength of the finished surface must comply with the requirements of operation in a specific destroyed room. If the purchased products do not imply its immediate use, it is necessary to pay attention to its shelf life and the requirement for the place of storage. For gypsum plasters, this is always a dry, not wet room. The gypsum component quickly gains moisture from the environment and becomes unsuitable for further operation.
The construction market of machine plasters is traditionally represented by the fairly famous Knauf brand, as well as the Russian producer of dry mixtures of the Volme. MP75 plaster KNAUF has advantages when compared with competing products. The period of drying the plaster layer is up to 7 days, which provides enough time for finishing surface processing, while the Volma MN freezes in just 2 hours and requires immediate subsequent refinement. The thickness of the layer is 8-15 mm for ceilings and 8-50 mm for walls in MP75. Volma supports a thickness of up to 30 mm. The base temperature enters the range from +5 ° to +30 ° C. Slightly higher the range of the plaster Aksolit M50, it can be applied to the surface with a temperature of +35 ° C. The faction is approximately 1.2, and 1.25 mm for MP75 and the Volme, respectively. Compression strength — from 2.5 MPa and a bend of more than 1 MPa — is sufficient for most conditions of application.
The process of applying plaster machine
The process of applying plaster includes a certain sequence of operations. The processed surface must be cleaned of mechanical garbage and thoroughly treated with a primer of deep penetration. This will provide high adhesion. Attention should be paid to the humidity of the room and, if necessary, use an antifungal supplement.
Depending on the state of the surface, the machine application station is set up. The initial parameters must comply with the start of the start of work, they will change depending on the differences in the levels of surfaces. Places of differences should be noted in advance with special beacons and changed the thickness of the layer in a smaller or larger direction as necessary. The application process is provided by at least 2 employees. One controls the station, while the other is aligned by the plaster to the necessary parameters. The final smoothing operation can be performed both by hand and a special machine.
The cost of machine application is usually higher than manual work. It is necessary to make a choice between material costs and the execution time. If the deadlines are limited, preference should be given the method of machine application.
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